Features

26. Auxiliary roots in non-indicative (di)transitive forms: -gi- (v -za-)

Yellow: variational pattern attested
Blue: variational pattern non-attested

(2) egin dagigun

Short description
Answers
References
Abbreviations

Bonaparte, Louis Lucien. 1869. Le verbe basque en tableaux, accompagné de notes gramaticales, selon les huits dialectes de l'euskara. Londres: Strageways and Walden. [Reprinted in 1992. Opera Omnia Vasconice. Bilbo: Euskaltzaindia]

Euskaltzaindia. 1987. Euskal Gramatika: Lehen Urratsak II. Iruñea: Institución Príncipe de Viana eta Euskaltzaindia. [Reprinted in Euskaltzaindia. 1997]

Hualde, José Ignacio. 2003b. «Non-finite Forms». In José Ignacio Hualde and Jon Ortiz de Urbina (eds.), A Grammar of Basque. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. 196-246.

Hualde, José Ignacio. 2016. «On Basque dialects». In Beatriz Fernández and Jon Ortiz de Urbina (eds.), Microparameters in the grammar of Basque. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins. 15-36.

Mitxelena, Koldo. 1960. «Gipuzcoano y vasco». In Joseba A. Lakarra and Iñigo Ruiz Arzalluz (eds.), Luis Michelena. Obras Completas. VII. Fonética y Fonología, Morfosintaxis y Dialectología. 697-700.

Zuazo, Koldo. 2013. The dialects of Basque. Reno: University of Nevada.

Generalized pattern. Non-indicative (di)transitive forms show the root -za-, instead of the root -u- (*edun 'have') of the indicative.

(1)	egin	dezagun
	do	(3ABS).ZA.1PL.ERG.COMP
	‘let’s do it.’

Variational pattern. The root -gi- (presumably, egin 'do') has substituted -za- in some dialects.

(2)	egin	dagigun
	do	(3ABS).GI.1PL.ERG.COMP
	‘let’s do it.’

Reported in: Western varieties (Zuazo 2013: 49).

Chapter: Auxiliary Alternation

Keywords: auxiliary alternation, mood, root alternation

Notes:

-za- is attested mainly in Central and Eastern dialects, although historically it was generalized across dialects (Mitxelena 1960).

References:

Bonaparte (1869), Euskaltzaindia (1987), Hualde (2003b, 2016), Mitxelena (1960), Zuazo (2013: 49)

Euskaltzaindia. 1987. Euskal Gramatika: Lehen Urratsak II. Iruñea: Institución Príncipe de Viana eta Euskaltzaindia. [Reprinted in Euskaltzaindia. 1997]

Hualde, José Ignacio. 2003b. «Non-finite Forms». In José Ignacio Hualde and Jon Ortiz de Urbina (eds.), A Grammar of Basque. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. 196-246.

Hualde, José Ignacio. 2016. «On Basque dialects». In Beatriz Fernández and Jon Ortiz de Urbina (eds.), Microparameters in the grammar of Basque. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins. 15-36.

Zuazo, Koldo. 2013. The dialects of Basque. Reno: University of Nevada.

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BiV code

Town

Dialect

Value

Contributor

A-ara

Aramaio

Western Basque

Yes

Txipi Ormaetxea