Features

38. Aspect marking doubling: izandu da, egondu da, itzundu da (v izan da, egon da, itzun da)
Yellow: variational pattern attested
Blue: variational pattern non-attested
(2) Ez dut arazorik izandu

Haddican, Bill and George Tsoulas. 2012. «A continuum of deficiency for Basque infinitives». In Urtzi Etxeberria, Ricardo Etxepare and Myriam Uribe-Etxebarria (eds.), Noun phrases and nominalizations in Basque. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins. 437-460.

Generalized pattern. In order to form the participial form of the verbs, the suffixes -n, -tu, -i or -ø are used (iza-n 'been', ego-n 'been (stage level)', itzu-n (etza-n) 'lain' and bete-ø 'full'.

(1) Ez dut arazorik izan
no (3ABS).have.1SG.ERG problem.PRTV be.PTCP
‘I had no problem.’

Variational pattern. In certain varieties, in order to form the participle, -tu is attached to the already participial form and, as a result, the aspectual marking is apparently doubled:  -n + -tu > -ndu (izandu, egondu, etzandu); -ø + -tu  (betetu/betatu), etc.

(2) Ez dut arazorik izandu
no (3ABS).have.1SG.ERG problem.PRTV be.PTCP
‘I had no problem.’                    (adapted from Haddican and Tsoulas 2012)

Reported in: certain central varieties (e.g. Irun, Oiartzun)

Chapter: Aspect

Keywords: aspect, doubling, nominalization, participle

References:

Haddican and Tsoulas (2012)

Haddican, Bill and George Tsoulas. 2012. «A continuum of deficiency for Basque infinitives». In Urtzi Etxeberria, Ricardo Etxepare and Myriam Uribe-Etxebarria (eds.), Noun phrases and nominalizations in Basque. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins. 437-460.

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BiV code
Town
Dialect
Value
Contributor
N-arb
Arbizu
Navarrese Basque
Yes
Juanjo Olasagarre
G-ert
Errenteria
Central Basque
Yes
Aritz Irurtzun
N-elk
Etxaleku (Imotz)
Central Basque
Yes
Imotz
B-ger
Gernika
Western Basque
Yes
Alaine Barruetabeña
B-get
Getxo
Western Basque
Yes
Xabier Bilbao
N-goi
Goizueta
Navarrese Basque
Yes
Juan Jose Zubiri
G-her
Hernani
Central Basque
Yes
Eñaut Agirre
G-iru
Irun
Central Basque
Yes
Ricardo Etxepare
B-loi
Loiu
Western Basque
Yes
Oihana Astobieta
N-mez
Mezkiritz (Erroibar)
Navarrese Basque
Yes
Orreaga Ibarra
B-mun
Mungia
Western Basque
Yes
Miren Ibarluzea
NB-ora
Oragarre
Navarrese-Lapurdian Basque
Yes
Itxaro Borda
N-orb
Orbaizeta
Navarrese Basque
Yes
Iñaki Camino
L-zib
Ziburu
Navarrese-Lapurdian Basque
Yes
Maitena Duhalde
A-ara
Aramaio
Western Basque
No
Txipi Ormaetxea
N-ari
Arizkun (Baztan)
Navarrese Basque
No
Pello Salaburu
B-art
Artea
Western Basque
No
Igor Estankona
G-azp
Azpeitia
Central Basque
No
Patxi Goenaga
G-bei
Beizama
Central Basque
No
Lourdes Otaegi
G-ber
Bergara
Western Basque
No
Alexander Artzelus
G-elg
Elgoibar
Western Basque
No
Ane Odria
G-its
Itsasondo
Central Basque
No
Urtzi Etxeberria
L-lar
Larresoro
Navarrese-Lapurdian Basque
No
Céline Mounole
B-lek
Lekeitio
Western Basque
No
Arantzazu Elordieta
B-mab
Mallabia
Western Basque
No
Koldo Zuazo
B-otx
Otxandio
Western Basque
No
Xabier Burgete
N-urd
Urdiain
Navarrese Basque
No
Iñigo Urrestarazu
Z-urd
Urdiñarbe
Zuberoan Basque
No
Maider Bedaxagar

ABL: ablative

ABS: absolutive

ABSERG: absolutive in Ergative Displacement context

ALL: allative

ALLO: allocutive

APPL: applicative

BN: bounded

CAUS: causative

COMP: complementizer

DAT: dative

DD: dative displacement

DEST: destinative

ED: Ergative Displacement

ERG: ergative

FAM: familiar

F: feminine

GEN: genitive

IPFV: imperfective

INE: inessive

INS: instrumental

M: masculine

MOD: mood

NMLZ: nominalizer

NONFAM: non-familiar (2nd person)

NP: noun phrase

PTCP: participle

PST: past

PL: plural

POST: postposition

PROG: progressive

PROS: prospective

PRTV: partitive

REL: relational postposition

RES: resultative

SG: singular

SOC: sociative

TERM: terminative

UNBN : unbounded

The abbreviations in this database follow the Leipzig Glossing Rules.