Features

53. Instrumental/inessive alternation in temporal modifiers: the instrumental (-z) (v the inessive (-n))
Yellow: variational pattern attested
Blue: variational pattern non-attested
(2a) Bi minutuz etorri naiz
(2b) Bi minutuz egin dut korrika

Euskaltzaindia. 2000. Hiztegi Batua. Bilbo: Euskaltzaindia.

Generalized pattern. Telic temporal adverbials usually occur with the inessive. According to Euskaltzaindia (2000, rule #110), if the temporal unit is continuous, the bounded inessive (-an) must be used. However, many speakers also accept the unbounded inessive (-tan). On the other hand, atelic temporal adverbials usually occur bare or with the instrumental.

(1a) Bi minutuan/ Bi minututan etorri naiz
two minute.BN.INE/ two minute.UNBN.INE come.PTCP 1SG.ABS.be
‘I have come in two mintues.’
(1b) Bi minutuz egin dut korrika
two minute.INS do.PTCP have.1SG.ERG run
‘I have run for two minutes.’

Variational pattern. In some varieties, telic temporal adverbials are headed by the instrumental (-z), so that telic and atelic temporal adverbials are not distinguished by the postposition.

(2a) Bi minutuz etorri naiz
two minute.INS come.PTCP 1SG.ABS.be
‘I have come in two mintues.’
(2b) Bi minutuz egin dut korrika
two minute.INS do.PTCP have.1SG.ERG run
‘I have run for two minutes.’

Reported in: north-eastern varieties.

Chapter: Postpositions (Locatives)

Keywords: aspect, locatives, modifiers, postpositions, telicity, temporal adverbials

References:

Euskaltzaindia (2000)

Euskaltzaindia. 2000. Hiztegi Batua. Bilbo: Euskaltzaindia.

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BiV code
Town
Dialect
Value
Contributor
N-ari
Arizkun (Baztan)
Navarrese Basque
Yes
Pello Salaburu
L-lar
Larresoro
Navarrese-Lapurdian Basque
Yes
Céline Mounole
NB-ora
Oragarre
Navarrese-Lapurdian Basque
Yes
Itxaro Borda
Z-urd
Urdiñarbe
Zuberoan Basque
Yes
Maider Bedaxagar
L-zib
Ziburu
Navarrese-Lapurdian Basque
Yes
Maitena Duhalde
A-ara
Aramaio
Western Basque
No
Txipi Ormaetxea
N-arb
Arbizu
Navarrese Basque
No
Juanjo Olasagarre
B-art
Artea
Western Basque
No
Igor Estankona
G-azp
Azpeitia
Central Basque
No
Patxi Goenaga
G-bei
Beizama
Central Basque
No
Lourdes Otaegi
G-ber
Bergara
Western Basque
No
Alexander Artzelus
G-elg
Elgoibar
Western Basque
No
Ane Odria
G-ert
Errenteria
Central Basque
No
Aritz Irurtzun
N-elk
Etxaleku (Imotz)
Central Basque
No
Imotz
B-ger
Gernika
Western Basque
No
Alaine Barruetabeña
B-get
Getxo
Western Basque
No
Xabier Bilbao
N-goi
Goizueta
Navarrese Basque
No
Juan Jose Zubiri
G-her
Hernani
Central Basque
No
Eñaut Agirre
G-iru
Irun
Central Basque
No
Ricardo Etxepare
G-its
Itsasondo
Central Basque
No
Urtzi Etxeberria
B-lek
Lekeitio
Western Basque
No
Arantzazu Elordieta
B-loi
Loiu
Western Basque
No
Oihana Astobieta
B-mab
Mallabia
Western Basque
No
Koldo Zuazo
N-mez
Mezkiritz (Erroibar)
Navarrese Basque
No
Orreaga Ibarra
B-mun
Mungia
Western Basque
No
Miren Ibarluzea
B-otx
Otxandio
Western Basque
No
Xabier Burgete
save answers as csv | xls | xml
BiV code
Town
Dialect
Value
Contributor
N-ari
Arizkun (Baztan)
Navarrese Basque
Yes
Pello Salaburu
G-bei
Beizama
Central Basque
Yes
Lourdes Otaegi
G-ber
Bergara
Western Basque
Yes
Alexander Artzelus
G-ert
Errenteria
Central Basque
Yes
Aritz Irurtzun
N-elk
Etxaleku (Imotz)
Central Basque
Yes
Imotz
G-her
Hernani
Central Basque
Yes
Eñaut Agirre
G-iru
Irun
Central Basque
Yes
Ricardo Etxepare
G-its
Itsasondo
Central Basque
Yes
Urtzi Etxeberria
L-lar
Larresoro
Navarrese-Lapurdian Basque
Yes
Céline Mounole
B-loi
Loiu
Western Basque
Yes
Oihana Astobieta
NB-ora
Oragarre
Navarrese-Lapurdian Basque
Yes
Itxaro Borda
N-orb
Orbaizeta
Navarrese Basque
Yes
Iñaki Camino
Z-urd
Urdiñarbe
Zuberoan Basque
Yes
Maider Bedaxagar
L-zib
Ziburu
Navarrese-Lapurdian Basque
Yes
Maitena Duhalde
A-ara
Aramaio
Western Basque
No
Txipi Ormaetxea
N-arb
Arbizu
Navarrese Basque
No
Juanjo Olasagarre
B-art
Artea
Western Basque
No
Igor Estankona
G-elg
Elgoibar
Western Basque
No
Ane Odria
B-ger
Gernika
Western Basque
No
Alaine Barruetabeña
B-get
Getxo
Western Basque
No
Xabier Bilbao
N-goi
Goizueta
Navarrese Basque
No
Juan Jose Zubiri
B-lek
Lekeitio
Western Basque
No
Arantzazu Elordieta
B-mab
Mallabia
Western Basque
No
Koldo Zuazo
N-mez
Mezkiritz (Erroibar)
Navarrese Basque
No
Orreaga Ibarra
B-mun
Mungia
Western Basque
No
Miren Ibarluzea
B-otx
Otxandio
Western Basque
No
Xabier Burgete

ABL: ablative

ABS: absolutive

ABSERG: absolutive in Ergative Displacement context

ALL: allative

ALLO: allocutive

APPL: applicative

BN: bounded

CAUS: causative

COMP: complementizer

DAT: dative

DD: dative displacement

DEST: destinative

ED: Ergative Displacement

ERG: ergative

FAM: familiar

F: feminine

GEN: genitive

IPFV: imperfective

INE: inessive

INS: instrumental

M: masculine

MOD: mood

NMLZ: nominalizer

NONFAM: non-familiar (2nd person)

NP: noun phrase

PTCP: participle

PST: past

PL: plural

POST: postposition

PROG: progressive

PROS: prospective

PRTV: partitive

REL: relational postposition

RES: resultative

SG: singular

SOC: sociative

TERM: terminative

UNBN : unbounded

The abbreviations in this database follow the Leipzig Glossing Rules.