Features

63. Factive sentential complements: -(e)na (v -(e)la) 
Yellow: variational pattern attested
Blue: variational pattern non-attested
(2) Badakit euskalduna zarena

Artiagoitia, Xabier. 2003. «Complementation (noun clauses)». In José Ignacio Hualde and Jon Ortiz de Urbina (eds.), A grammar of Basque. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. 634-711.

Euskaltzaindia. 1999. Euskal gramatika. Lehen urratsak - V. Mendeko perpausak 1. Bilbo: Euskaltzaindia. [Reprinted in Euskaltzaindia. 1991]

Ormaetxea, Txipi. 2002. Aramaioko euskara. Aramaio: Aramaioko Udala.

Zuazo, Koldo. 2004. Euskalkiak, herriaren lekukoak. Donostia: Elkar.

Zuazo, Koldo. 2013. The dialects of Basque. Reno: University of Nevada.

Generalized pattern. Sentential factives complements are headed by the complementizer -(e)la.

(1) Badakit euskalduna zarela
I know Basque are.ELA
‘I know that you are Basque.’

Variational pattern. In some varieties, sentential factive complements are headed by -(e)na instead of -(e)la.

(2) Badakit euskalduna zarena
I know Basque are.ENA
‘I know that you are Basque.’

Reported in: western Basque (Zuazo 2004: 76, 2013:52); Aramaio (Ormaetxea 2002: 123).

Chapter: Complementizer

Keywords: complementizer, embedding, factive sentential complements, relatives, relativizer

References:

Artiagoitia (2003), Euskaltzaindia (1999), Ormaetxea (2002), Zuazo (2004: 76, 2013: 52)

Artiagoitia, Xabier. 2003. «Complementation (noun clauses)». In José Ignacio Hualde and Jon Ortiz de Urbina (eds.), A grammar of Basque. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. 634-711.

Euskaltzaindia. 1999. Euskal gramatika. Lehen urratsak - V. Mendeko perpausak 1. Bilbo: Euskaltzaindia. [Reprinted in Euskaltzaindia. 1991]

Ormaetxea, Txipi. 2002. Aramaioko euskara. Aramaio: Aramaioko Udala.

Zuazo, Koldo. 2004. Euskalkiak, herriaren lekukoak. Donostia: Elkar.

Zuazo, Koldo. 2013. The dialects of Basque. Reno: University of Nevada.

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BiV code
Town
Dialect
Value
Contributor
A-ara
Aramaio
Western Basque
Yes
Txipi Ormaetxea
G-azp
Azpeitia
Central Basque
Yes
Patxi Goenaga
G-bei
Beizama
Central Basque
Yes
Lourdes Otaegi
G-ber
Bergara
Western Basque
Yes
Alexander Artzelus
G-elg
Elgoibar
Western Basque
Yes
Ane Odria
B-ger
Gernika
Western Basque
Yes
Alaine Barruetabeña
B-get
Getxo
Western Basque
Yes
Xabier Bilbao
B-lek
Lekeitio
Western Basque
Yes
Arantzazu Elordieta
B-loi
Loiu
Western Basque
Yes
Oihana Astobieta
B-mab
Mallabia
Western Basque
Yes
Koldo Zuazo
B-mun
Mungia
Western Basque
Yes
Miren Ibarluzea
B-otx
Otxandio
Western Basque
Yes
Xabier Burgete
N-arb
Arbizu
Navarrese Basque
No
Juanjo Olasagarre
N-ari
Arizkun (Baztan)
Navarrese Basque
No
Pello Salaburu
B-art
Artea
Western Basque
No
Igor Estankona
G-ert
Errenteria
Central Basque
No
Aritz Irurtzun
N-elk
Etxaleku (Imotz)
Central Basque
No
Imotz
N-goi
Goizueta
Navarrese Basque
No
Juan Jose Zubiri
G-her
Hernani
Central Basque
No
Eñaut Agirre
G-iru
Irun
Central Basque
No
Ricardo Etxepare
G-its
Itsasondo
Central Basque
No
Urtzi Etxeberria
L-lar
Larresoro
Navarrese-Lapurdian Basque
No
Céline Mounole
N-mez
Mezkiritz (Erroibar)
Navarrese Basque
No
Orreaga Ibarra
NB-ora
Oragarre
Navarrese-Lapurdian Basque
No
Itxaro Borda
N-orb
Orbaizeta
Navarrese Basque
No
Iñaki Camino
N-urd
Urdiain
Navarrese Basque
No
Iñigo Urrestarazu
Z-urd
Urdiñarbe
Zuberoan Basque
No
Maider Bedaxagar
L-zib
Ziburu
Navarrese-Lapurdian Basque
No
Maitena Duhalde

ABL: ablative

ABS: absolutive

ABSERG: absolutive in Ergative Displacement context

ALL: allative

ALLO: allocutive

APPL: applicative

BN: bounded

CAUS: causative

COMP: complementizer

DAT: dative

DD: dative displacement

DEST: destinative

ED: Ergative Displacement

ERG: ergative

FAM: familiar

F: feminine

GEN: genitive

IPFV: imperfective

INE: inessive

INS: instrumental

M: masculine

MOD: mood

NMLZ: nominalizer

NONFAM: non-familiar (2nd person)

NP: noun phrase

PTCP: participle

PST: past

PL: plural

POST: postposition

PROG: progressive

PROS: prospective

PRTV: partitive

REL: relational postposition

RES: resultative

SG: singular

SOC: sociative

TERM: terminative

UNBN : unbounded

The abbreviations in this database follow the Leipzig Glossing Rules.