Features
Blue: variational pattern non-attested
Euskaltzaindia. 2021. Euskararen gramatika. Bilbo: Euskaltzaindia.
Generalized pattern. Relative clauses containing analytical verbs involve the auxiliary izan ‘be’ or *edun ‘have’ (1). However, when the relative clause has potential mood or is the apodosis of a conditional, the auxiliary selected can be either *edin or *ezan.
| (1) | pozgarri | zitzaizkion | hitzak | esaten | hasi | zen |
| nice | (3ABS).izan.PL.APP.3SG.PST | words | say.IMPV | start.PTCV | was | |
| ‘She/he started to say worth that made her/him happy’ | ||||||
Variational pattern. Some varieties can select the auxiliary *edin or *ezan/egin also in non-potential and non-conditional relative clauses.
| (2) | pozgarri | ekiozan | berbak | esaten | hasi | zan |
| nice | (3ABS).edin.APP.3SG.DAT.PL.PST | words | say.IMPV | start.PTCV | was | |
| ‘She/he started to say words that made her/him happy’ | ||||||
Chapter: Auxiliary Alternation
Keywords: auxiliary alternation, mood, relatives, root alternation, subjunctive
Euskaltzaindia (2021)
Euskaltzaindia. 2021. Euskararen gramatika. Bilbo: Euskaltzaindia.
ABL: ablative
ABS: absolutive
ABSERG: absolutive in Ergative Displacement context
ALL: allative
ALLO: allocutive
APPL: applicative
BN: bounded
CAUS: causative
COMP: complementizer
DAT: dative
DD: dative displacement
DEST: destinative
ED: Ergative Displacement
ERG: ergative
FAM: familiar
F: feminine
GEN: genitive
IPFV: imperfective
INE: inessive
INS: instrumental
M: masculine
MOD: mood
NMLZ: nominalizer
NONFAM: non-familiar (2nd person)
NP: noun phrase
PTCP: participle
PST: past
PL: plural
POST: postposition
PROG: progressive
PROS: prospective
PRTV: partitive
REL: relational postposition
RES: resultative
SG: singular
SOC: sociative
TERM: terminative
UNBN : unbounded