Features
Blue: variational pattern non-attested
Etxepare, Ricardo and Beñat Oyharçabal. 2008. «Bi datibo egitura ifar-ekialdeko zenbait hizkeratan». Lapurdum, 13. 145-158.
Etxepare, Ricardo and Beñat Oyharçabal. 2013. «Datives and adpositions in north-eastern Basque». In Beatriz Fernández and Ricardo Etxepare (eds.), Variation in datives: a microcomparative perspective. New York: Oxford University Press. 50-95.
Fernández, Beatriz and Josu Landa. 2009. «Datibo komunztadura beti zaindu, inoiz zaindu ez eta batzuetan baino zaintzen ez denean. Hiru ahoko aldagaia, datu iturri bi, eta erreminta bat: Corsintax». Lapurdum, 13. 159-181.
Fernández, Beatriz, Jon Ortiz de Urbina and Josu Landa. 2009. «Komunztadurarik gabeko datiboen gakoez». In Etxepare, Ricardo, Ricardo Gomez and Joseba A. Lakarra (eds.), Beñat Oihartzabali gorazarre [Festschrift for Bernard Oyharçabal]. Supplements of the International Journal of Basque Lingustics and Philology (ASJU), XLIII: 1-2. University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU). 357-380.
Gèze, Louis. 1873. Éléments de grammaire basque. Dialecte souletin. Suivis d’un vocabulaire basque-francais and francais-basque. Baiona: Imprimerie de Veuve Lamaignère. [Reprinted in 1979. Donostia: Hordago]
Inchauspe. 1858. Le verb basque. Baiona-Paris: Imprimerie de Veuve Lamaignère-Benjamin Duprat. [Reprinted in 1979. Donostia: Hordago]
Ormazabal, Javier and Juan Romero. 2017. «Historical Changes in Basque Dative Alternations: Evidence for a P-based (neo)derivational analysis». Glossa: a journal of general linguistics, 2(1), 78.
Ortiz de Urbina, Jon. 1995. «Datibo komunztaduraren gainean». In Ricardo Gómez and Joseba Andoni Lakarra (eds.), Euskal Dialektologiako Kongresua (Donostia, 1991ko Irailak 2-6). Supplements of the International Journal of Basque Linguistics and Philology (ASJU), XXVIII. Donostia: Gipuzkoako Foru Aldundia. 579-588.
Pikabea, Josu. 1993. Lapurtera idatzia (XVII-XIX). Bilakaera baten urratsak. Donostia: UPV/ EHU and Kutxa Fundazioa.
Generalized pattern. Dative arguments are always cross-referenced by dative agreement morphemes on the auxiliary.
| (1) | Gizonari | liburua | eman | dio | emakumeak |
| man.DAT | book.ABS | give.PTCP | (3ABS).(have).APPL.3DAT.3ERG | woman.ERG | |
| ‘The woman has given the book to the man.’ | |||||
Variational pattern. Dative arguments can drop dative agreement.
| (2) | Gizonari | liburua | eman | du | emakumeak |
| man.DAT | book.ABS | give.PTCP | (3ABS).have.3ERG | woman.ERG | |
| ‘The woman has given the book to the man.’ | |||||
Chapter: Case and Agreement
Keywords: agreement/clitics, case, dative agreement drop, datives, postpositions
Inchauspe (1858), Etxepare and Oyharçabal (2008, 2013), Fernández and Landa (2009), Fernández, Ortiz de Urbina and Landa (2009), Gèze (1873), Ormazabal and Romero (2017), Ortiz de Urbina (1995), Pikabea (1993)
Etxepare, Ricardo and Beñat Oyharçabal. 2008. «Bi datibo egitura ifar-ekialdeko zenbait hizkeratan». Lapurdum, 13. 145-158.
Etxepare, Ricardo and Beñat Oyharçabal. 2013. «Datives and adpositions in north-eastern Basque». In Beatriz Fernández and Ricardo Etxepare (eds.), Variation in datives: a microcomparative perspective. New York: Oxford University Press. 50-95.
Fernández, Beatriz and Josu Landa. 2009. «Datibo komunztadura beti zaindu, inoiz zaindu ez eta batzuetan baino zaintzen ez denean. Hiru ahoko aldagaia, datu iturri bi, eta erreminta bat: Corsintax». Lapurdum, 13. 159-181.
Fernández, Beatriz, Jon Ortiz de Urbina and Josu Landa. 2009. «Komunztadurarik gabeko datiboen gakoez». In Etxepare, Ricardo, Ricardo Gomez and Joseba A. Lakarra (eds.), Beñat Oihartzabali gorazarre [Festschrift for Bernard Oyharçabal]. Supplements of the International Journal of Basque Lingustics and Philology (ASJU), XLIII: 1-2. University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU). 357-380.
Gèze, Louis. 1873. Éléments de grammaire basque. Dialecte souletin. Suivis d’un vocabulaire basque-francais and francais-basque. Baiona: Imprimerie de Veuve Lamaignère. [Reprinted in 1979. Donostia: Hordago]
Inchauspe. 1858. Le verb basque. Baiona-Paris: Imprimerie de Veuve Lamaignère-Benjamin Duprat. [Reprinted in 1979. Donostia: Hordago]
Ormazabal, Javier and Juan Romero. 2017. «Historical Changes in Basque Dative Alternations: Evidence for a P-based (neo)derivational analysis». Glossa: a journal of general linguistics, 2(1), 78.
Ortiz de Urbina, Jon. 1995. «Datibo komunztaduraren gainean». In Ricardo Gómez and Joseba Andoni Lakarra (eds.), Euskal Dialektologiako Kongresua (Donostia, 1991ko Irailak 2-6). Supplements of the International Journal of Basque Linguistics and Philology (ASJU), XXVIII. Donostia: Gipuzkoako Foru Aldundia. 579-588.
Pikabea, Josu. 1993. Lapurtera idatzia (XVII-XIX). Bilakaera baten urratsak. Donostia: UPV/ EHU and Kutxa Fundazioa.
ABL: ablative
ABS: absolutive
ABSERG: absolutive in Ergative Displacement context
ALL: allative
ALLO: allocutive
APPL: applicative
BN: bounded
CAUS: causative
COMP: complementizer
DAT: dative
DD: dative displacement
DEST: destinative
ED: Ergative Displacement
ERG: ergative
FAM: familiar
F: feminine
GEN: genitive
IPFV: imperfective
INE: inessive
INS: instrumental
M: masculine
MOD: mood
NMLZ: nominalizer
NONFAM: non-familiar (2nd person)
NP: noun phrase
PTCP: participle
PST: past
PL: plural
POST: postposition
PROG: progressive
PROS: prospective
PRTV: partitive
REL: relational postposition
RES: resultative
SG: singular
SOC: sociative
TERM: terminative
UNBN : unbounded